Bromenshenk heeft verzuimd te vermelden dat hij geld ontving van Bayer Cropscience
http://www.bijensterfte.nl/nl/node/369
Bovendien heeft hij niet eens een virus aangetoond, wat hij vond kan ook van iets anders dan een virus afkomstig zijn.
Bayer Cropscience is producent van de neonicotine insecticiden imidacloprid en clothianidine en thiacloprid, inmiddels de meest gebruikte insectiden ter wereld.
Al in extreem lage concentratie verhogen deze stoffen de vatbaarheid van bijenvolken voor nosema ceranae infecties.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021550
en
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02123.x
Sla hier ook het Amerikaanse Colony Collapse Disorder Progress Report van de CCD Steering Committee, US Department Of Agriculture op na:
http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/br/ccd/ccdpr ... rt2010.pdf
(Pagina 3) "Supporting the observation that CCD is caused by a combination of factors is a series
of studies within NIFA’s Coordinated Agricultural Project (CAP). CAP scientists
reported several important findings in the past year. In addition to the demonstration
that pesticide application rates are highly variable regionally—again pointing away
from one specific cause of bee decline—CAP scientists have identified interactive
effects among pesticides, the parasite Nosema, and viruses—including the Israeli
Acute Paralysis Virus (IAPV) and deformed wing virus, all known stressors to honey
bees. "
(Pagina 5) "Over the past year, given the knowledge of high pathogen loads in diseased bee
colonies, ARSand NIFAsupported researchers have increasingly focused on possible
interactive effects between pesticides and pathogens, including Nosema and bee
viruses, as noted in the analysis studies under Topic II. Two recent studies have
demonstrated increased levels of the gut parasite Nosema following exposure to sub
lethal levels of imidacloprid."
(pagina A12) "ACCOMPLISHMENTS
Synergistic Effects of Pesticide Exposure on Pathogen Growth and Bee Health
Discovered. There has been significant concern about possible interactive effects of
various pesticides and pathogens on bees. When bees were exposed to the gut
parasite Nosema and insecticide imidacloprid, researchers found evidence of an
interactive effect on honey bee health. Worker bees exhibited up to a fourfold
increase in Nosema levels when they originated from colonies that had been fed
imidacloprid, indicating a subtle sublethal interaction between pesticides and
pathogens. This research has been submitted for publication, and similar findings
have recently been published from a study in France in Environmental Microbiology
2009."
Virussen zijn geen verklaring voor CCD!
Een recente studie vond dat ALLE virussen die bij ingestorte volken zijn gevonden ook gevonden worden bij kerngezonde volken.
Het verschil is dat de gezonde volken niet ziek worden van de altijd aanwezige virussen, alleen de zwakke individuen in het volk worden soms ziek.
http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Ad ... ne.0020656